Friday, January 31, 2014
Gumpert Tornante by Touring 2011
- Gumpert Tornante by Touring, 2011
Touring Superleggera and Gumpert have chosen the 2011 Geneva Motor Show stage for the world premiere of the Gumpert Tornante. Touring Superleggera provided the design and body engineering while Gumpert will take care of manufacturing and sales of the next model, complementing the Gumpert range as of 2012. The Tornante is showcased at the stage of 1:1 static style model in the best Italian tradition.
Fast Tourer
Gumpert have gained a reputation for their impressive street legal racing cars. They addressed Touring Superleggera with a call for elegance, more passengers and luggage space, improved comfort, access and ventilation, and noise reduction. However, the fundamentals of performance and dynamic properties had to be respected without compromise.
At Touring, designers and body engineers started then a process of creative elimination to define the true essentials of all the parameters involved, limiting unnecessary weight and volume. The result is still a thoroughbred, just a few grades more civilized, with some extra skills for an enjoyable voyage. It is called a Fast Tourer. However, let there be no misunderstanding about its intentions.
Project development
When selecting the partner for the new models body design, Gumpert recognised that elegance is part of the genetic code of Touring Superleggeras creations. Even more remarkably, the paradigm of elegance was applied by Touring to the race cars too. This distinctive approach was at the basis of many masterpieces, like the 1940 Mille Miglia winner BMW 328 Berlinetta, the Ferrari 166 and 340 and the inspiring Alfa Romeo 8C2900. They all were redoubtable race machines with singular grace.
In turn, Touring was intrigued by the challenge from the young, vital and ambitious sports car manufacturer, known for uncompromised orientation to efficiency, high quality engineering and the constant quest for better performance. In the development work, the teams from the two companies discovered soon that they share the same respect for efficiency and essentiality. This facilitated the subsequent stages of engineering and feasibility study, and the merger of body and chassis required only minor adjustments from both sides.
Architecture
The space frame chassis is a derivative of the apollo and features the same central engine layout. However, the requirements of accessibility and inner space have dictated a number of important changes to the rolling chassis:
- the lateral member of the chassis is lowered by 80 mm in the door area
- the A pillar and the windshield are rotated vertically by 2.5°
- the B pillar is moved backwards with 100 mm allowing for 1120 mm wide gull-wing doors
- the H point is displaced by 210 mm in height and 46 mm in length
- the overall height is now 1215 mm
Other modifications aim at enhanced ride comfort and drive ability:
- the floor height is increased by 20 mm
- the shell seats are fully adjustable, heated, with 4-point belts
- the paddle shifters are standard feature
- sound and heat insulation material is fitted on the floor and between the cabin and the engine compartment
- glasses are double layer for better heat and noise insulation
- the ventilation system capacity is improved
Design
Unlike other Touring creations, the Gumpert Tornante is not rooted into a specific model of the Italian designers heritage. Aesthetically, the project started from a white sheet of paper, allowing the designers full and free focus on the challenging package of the rolling chassis and its hard points. The new model should not only offer ample performance and superb dynamic properties and aerodynamics, but also adequate levels of comfort, interior space and ergonomics. The spirit of a true dream car, but with sufficient practical features to become a safe and useable sports car in todays traffic.
The Touring accent of the Gumpert Tornante originates from specific proportions and the balance of muscular elegance and introvert power, rather than formal language. The bodywork preserves its movement even when the car stands still, and when on the move, it expresses unique, elegant fluidness.
The prominent grille within the balanced front wings characterizes the Tornantes front area. The air intakes are pronounced, lecting the care given to the air intake surface and the overall airflow.
The well-defined waistline lects the functional separation between the greenhouse and the lower body. The top is a light area offering extended space for driver and passenger, overall visibility and sportive but comfortable life on board. The muscular, though elegant shoulders announce the stunning performance of the power unit. Both the Gumpert Tornantes doors and the boot lid open with gull-wing movement, providing easy access to the interior, the mechanics and the luggage compartment.
From the rear, the low quarter panels outline the powerful curve of the roof. Below the waistline, the very visible air diffuser evokes the research of the maximal downforce.
The overall design breaths superior potential and performance in an elegant and slightly understated way, faithful to the Touring tradition.
Power Unit
The Gumpert Tornante has the genes of the Gumpert apollo and inherits its impressive V8 biturbo engine. Weighing only 196 kg, the engine plays a major role in ensuring the ideal weight and the fascinating driving dynamics of the Tornante. An angle of 90° between the two cylinder banks is a sign of a classic 8-cylinder engine.
Starting from the pure block from Audi, the engine is a complete in-house development. Thus, the manufacturing process contains among others all the moving parts, air and fuel management, turbo chargers, charge air-duct and dry sump lubrication. In the basic version this engine delivers 700 HP. In comparison to the apollo, the configuration will be optimized for the Fast Touring mission. This means more comfort and more suitability for daily use.
Alongside the V8 power unit, an alternative powered Gumpert Tornante is also planned for 2012.
Driveline
The fully synchronised, automatic six-speed transmission guarantees efficient utilization of the remarkable energy at the back wheels. The arrangement of the gears in a longitudinal direction in the path of travel ensures a very low centre of gravity and optimum weight distribution.
Extremely short gearshifts up to 40 milliseconds (torque-to-torque) are provided by the precise TT40e transmission of the apollo, where "e" stands for electronic gear system. Gear changes are faster thanks to rocker switches on the steering wheel. The Formula 1-type technology promises the ultimate in comfort along with best driving performance.
Suspension
The apollo derived built-in suspension ideally complements the bodys sophisticated aerodynamics. The Tornante owes the finely tuned sensitivity of the suspension system and the optimised exertion of power to its double transverse control arm pushrod configuration at front and rear.
The double wishbones ensure that the tires maintain optimum contact to the road surface, independently of the bound rate of suspension system. As the suspension elements are linked to the main frame, the system ensures a responsive reaction and precise handling.
Chassis
Made of top-quality and highly stable chrome-molybdenum-steel with an integrated safety cell, the round tube frame is the base and symbolic backbone of the Gumpert Tornante. Providing additional space and comfort for its passengers compared to the apollo, the Tornante will be as safe as its racetrack-dedicated brother is. The Gumpert Tornante succeeds in combining low weight and rigidity with finest driving dynamics and comfortable Fast Touring.
TECHNICAL DATA
2-seater sports car with a mid-engine arrangement, chrome-molybdenum steel chassis with an integrated safety cell, doors and the boot lid open with gull-wings, carbon body, 100 l stainless steel tank behind the passenger cell with integrated catch tank, long and pushrod-operated double transverse control arm suspension with fully adjustable dampers (front and rear) and anti roll bar in front, ground clearance adjustable between 60 and 140 mm, two circuit ABS brake system with six piston callipers, inside ventilated discs (378 x 32 mm) at front and rear
Dimensions
Length: 4,475 mm
Width: 1,971 mm
Height: 1,215 mm
Wheel base: 2,700 mm
Track
front: 1,648 mm
back: 1,600 mm
Boot volume: ca. 200 l
Weight
Kerb weight (depending on equipment components): 1,300-1,400 kg
Engine
V8 cylinder biturbo engine with 90° cylinder angle, closed-deck light metal crankcase, light metal cylinder heads with five valves per cylinder, four overhead camshafts, variable time of ignition (Vario Cam direct) on the intake, hydraulic valve clearance compensation, dry sump lubrication, double-flow exhaust system with 3-way catalytic converter, four Lambda probes for gas mixture and diagnostics, on-board diagnostic system, two Intercoolers, electronic ignition with a rested ignition distribution (eight ignition coils), sequential multipoint fuel injection, electronic accelerator system (drive-by-wire)
Cylinder: 8
Type: 90°-V
Valves per cylinder: 5
Cubic capacity: 4,163 cc
Stroke: 93 mm
Bore: 84,5 mm
Nominal output: 515 kW / 700 HP @ 6,500 rpm
Max. torque: 900 Nm / 663.7 lb ft @ 4,000 rpm
Maximum: 7,400 rpm
Litre performance: 123.7 kw per liter / 168.1 HP per liter
Compression: 9.3
Recommended fuel type: 98 ROZ / 88 MOZ
Emission standard: Euro 5
Gearbox
automatic six-speed gear box TT40e with synchronization and oil cooling, operated with paddle shift controls, twin plate clutch configuration (diameter 240 mm), Torsen differential lock
Wheels
Tires: Michelin Pilot Super Sport
front: 265/35 ZR19
back: 345/30 ZR20
Wheel dimension
front: 10 J
back: 13 J
Wheel rim type: aluminium cast or forged wheels with centre lock
PERFORMANCE FIGURES
Top speed: >300 km/h (estimated)
Qoros 3 Cross Hybrid Concept
- Qoros 3 Cross Hybrid Concept, 2013
At the 83rd Geneva International Motor Show, Qoros presents a five-door crossover - the Qoros 3 Cross Hybrid Concept - that features a compact hatchback body, enhanced traction properties and an advanced hybrid drive.
The concept illustrates how the design themes introduced in the Qoros 3 Sedan may be applied to its future model range. It also offers a glimpse ahead to the brands future technological developments with a pioneering hybrid drive that not only enhances efficiency but that also provides an exceptional all-wheel driving experience.
The intelligent Qoros modular vehicle architecture is a key factor in ensuring that new models can be introduced quickly and efficiently, and the Qoros 3 Cross Hybrid Concept is based on the same vehicle platform as the Qoros 3 Sedan.
With the same long wheelbase (2,690 mm) and wide track as the sedan, the Qoros 3 Cross Hybrid Concept exhibits generous proportions and a solid, planted road presence.
Hallmark design features reinterpreted
The Qoros 3 Cross Hybrid Concept showcases a mild evolution of the styling introduced on the production sedan. Elegant lines and balanced proportions lect sporty aspirations. Short body overhangs and the coupé-like roof line flowing into the hatchback tailgate give the five-door model a touch of dynamic flair. Horizontally oriented lines highlight the width of the boldly shaped rear, which featuresa large tailgate.
The front view of the concept is almost identical to the Qoros 3 Sedan, but the core elements of the Qoros face are supplemented with bespoke accents. The lower air inlet at the bottom of the trapezoidal grille stretches further back, highlighting the concepts powerful front stature. Also distinctive are the rounded contours of the fog lamps, which are placed wide apart.
The headlamp clusters, featuring LED bars at their top edge as daytime running lights, are the same as those on the Qoros 3 Sedan, stretching far into the flanks and into a striking contour edge which runs through the door handles and rises continuously to the rear. The rear light clusters - unique to this concept, feature horizontal LED light bars in a neat compact arrangement.
Its raised ground clearance and specific design features that emphasise its robust, versatile characteristics hint at the Qoros 3 Cross Hybrid Concepts potential for excursions beyond the asphalt. It features underbody protection at the front and rear to protect against impacts, as well as uprated suspension and damper systems that ensure occupants remain comfortable even on rough terrain.
A combination of hybrid drive and all-wheel system for increased driving pleasure and efficiency
The development of advanced engineering innovations is a core strategic activity for the brand and the Qoros 3 Cross Hybrid Concept features an advanced hybrid drive system developed in partnership with leading electric drive systems specialist American Axle.
A three-cylinder 1.2-litre turbocharged petrol engine with 97 kW (130 bhp) is installed transversely at the front to drive the front wheels.
A 50 kW electric motor is housed between the luggage compartment floor and the rear axle, not only convenient for power transfer but also safely isolated from rear collision impacts. The motor is powered by a LG Chem lithium-ion battery with a maximum capacity of 1.9 kilowatt-hours.
A second electric motor - the Integrated Starter Generator (ISG) - is mounted between the petrol engine and the transmission. Its role, as well as to start the petrol engine more discreetly - with less noise and less vibration - than a traditional starter motor, is to charge the rear electric motors dedicated battery so that the Qoros 3 Cross Hybrid Concept can operate continuously in all-wheel drive mode. And, during the most demanding driving, the ISG delivers additional power to the front axle, allowing the concept to deliver surprisingly swift performance: zero to 100 km/h is achieved in less than 7.0 seconds (provisional target, not yet verified).
Intelligent control software ensures seamless transition between petrol-engine front-wheel drive, electric motor rear-wheel drive, and all-wheel drive, depending on the most efficient mode to respond to the drivers inputs and the prevailing road conditions.
The Qoros 3 Cross Hybrid Concept can be driven in pure-electric mode at a speed of up to 120 km/h, and for a maximum range of approximately four kilometres (provisional target, not yet verified).
Thursday, January 30, 2014
Nissan GT R Review
Like the previous version of the race winning legendary GT-R, the latest model is a showcase for Nissans engineering talents. Features include an advanced full-time four-wheel drive increases traction and cornering power. Four-wheel drive system uses an independent transaxle 4WD (world first) for greater agility. This is a brand new 480 hp (353 kW) twin-turbo V6 that combines exhilarating power with the exhaust emissions are extremely low (Japanese regulation) and the best fuel economy in the sector. Light body, which uses a new package ("premium midship" from Nissan), the characteristics of cast aluminum, carbon fiber and steel tip and first-class aerodynamics CD only 0.27. There is a new dual-clutch transmission offers paddle shift gear changes quick and very easy to drive in full automatic mode, improving ease of driving. Big ventilated Brembo disc brakes offer great stopping performance.
"Nissan GT-R is an extraordinary car, a technological flagship for Nissan that shows our passion for cars," said Carlos Tavares, executive vice president for business and product planning. "It is designed for optimal high-speed performance in all road conditions. No car combines such speed, ease of driving, the ability to excel in all road conditions, such as euphoria, value for money and distinctive style. Like his predecessor who had been wearing a badge GT -R are known, the car is a marvel of technology, with extensive capabilities extraordinary. That is why we say it is for anyone, anywhere, anytime. "
For all those who - because the drivers of all levels can benefit from the exceptional performance of professional racers to those who just want stylish and attractive car to drive on weekends.
For anywhere - because this is a supercar that was developed around the world, twists and dips and peaks of the famous Nurburgring circuit in Germany, to Nissan High Speed Circuit in hot weather, Arizona to the snowy roads of Michigan. This is a unique supercar at home on dry asphalt, wet snow and wet roads, aided by sophisticated drive system with four wheels that offers exceptional traction and safety. Unlike the previous version of the GT-R, will be sold in two forms of training left and right around the world, including North American and mainland European markets.
At the time - because just as capable on hot summer days as snowy winter, day or night.
Technology highlights include:
An independent bridges and sophisticated four-wheel drive that continuously adjusts torque front-rear (and vice versa) depending on dynamic needs
Changes in the new racquet speed dual-clutch six-speed is too fast or fully automated for ease of driving
New high-efficient 3.8-liter twin-turbo V6 engine, mating great horsepower (480 hp / 353 kW), torque is a big difference (maximum torque 60kgm / 588 Nm), good fuel economy and low emissions (in accordance with the regulations in Japan ULEV). New technology includes plasma coating tedious to improve cooling efficiency and improve both power and economy
Aerodynamic body just 0.27 cd - it is one fine car in the world. This is especially common in a supercar that offers high front and rear support
A new organization using mild steel, carbon fiber and die-cast aluminum construction
Brembo drilled ventilated disc brakes and Brembo opposed monoblock calipers that offer great stopping power
Dampers, gear shift and VDC-R all manually adjustable, by simple switches on the dashboard, offering maximum comfort with ease of driving, or maximum performance
Screen multi-functional instrument, designed by the people who created the graphics of the Sony PlayStation Gran Turismo-Thursday
G-Force meter on the camera screen, showing both the (cornering) lateral (acceleration and braking) and transverse forces.
"The challenge is to build a car that is stable and quiet at this speed, the car is comfortable and easy to drive at that speed, a car that has excellent stability in a straight line over 300 km / h (186 mph), a car that can handle snow and ice and rain at high speed, a car that is also environmentally friendly and has a very high safety standards. It is my belief that the car is missing a mixture of abilities such as the new Nissan GT-R, "said Kazutoshi Mizuno, chief engineer and special vehicles for the product manager for Nissan GT-R, and former director of Nissan Racing Team and the chief engineer.
Mizuno describes the Nissan GT-R as a supercar multi-performance of the 21st century. "
"I think it creates a kind of a totally new car. It inherits the DNA of past great GT-Rs and packs the latest technology. The key factor is the use of natural forces of earth and high technology for human-machine interface, developed to monitor the performance of the highest . Our goal is to create a flagship model to promote our technology but also to develop a new type of supercar. Supercar traditionally been aimed at drivers with advanced skills. But our new "multi-performance supercar" can be driven fast and skillfully by anyone at any country road. "
Despite the very high level of technology, the GT-R sports car has some features of old, at least not that much of a car assembly, performed at Nissans plant in Tochigi. Each machine is hand assembled by a single engineer (at Nissans Yokohama) and thus each transmission.
The exterior design
The design is very similar to the Nissan GT-R Proto shown at the Tokyo Motor Show 2005 and, in turn, has much in common with the style of 2001 Nissan GT-R Concept.
"We wanted to design a car that looked uniquely Japanese - it is certainly not a European or American fast car," said Shiro Nakamura, Senior Vice President & Chief Creative Officer, Design and Brand Management, Nissan Motor Co. Ltd. "We also want to highlight the function of car - a car that is easy to use and easy to drive and continue the legacy -. proud GT-R
Nissan GT-R is a typical muscle car look. Chunky, edgy, broad shoulders to the ground and the flat side, its also one of the most aerodynamic cars in the world (Cd 0.27) as well as one of the most typical.
The style is based on the GT-R Proto near presented to the Tokyo Motor Show 2005 which was critically acclaimed big. The only significant difference in style - outside the small details - is the style front, changed mostly to allow protection of a higher crash test.
This is the first GT-R is not based on mass-volume Nissan vehicle (the last GT-R has been based on the Skyline). That gave design director Shiro Nakamura, product chief designer Hiroshi Hasegawa and their team great freedom to create a major Japanese supercar.
"This mission is to achieve a distinctive car, a supercar, but not fast normal car - it is chunky, practical and more muscular," says Nakamura. "The element of the function is the heart of the GT-R. It is not too low, it is very easy to get in and out, has good visibility and easy to drive. This feature is lected in the design. This is definitely not a car, Italian German or American - it Japan obviously. It is very mechanical, almost like an animated robot - it is obviously made of metal, have broad shoulders and looks strong and muscular. The previous R34 GT-R has the same picture. Its like you can turn this car on video game.
"We do not want a nice elegant shape - we want the original form. Some people who buy this car will also have a Ferrari and Porsche. This car should be different from the others. I see this as a car influenced not by feminine beauty, like Italian cars, but by masculine beauty - it is a strong, well toned, muscular. It has the sides of a large and very tonic - part of the attitude of the muscle ".
Functional touches include folding open the rear pillar - very distinctive and contribute to air on the back, "said Nakamura, and also gives the GT-R a roofline that is very unusual, which I like." Fender scoop air also improves performance front of the car to improve aerodynamic airflow around the tires, very distinctive and almost animal They also help cool the big chested twin-turbo V6 .. Nakamura also feels very flat side of a very functional "They are flat like a well-toned stomach but they also help when judging the width of the car, plus they are very aerodynamic.".
A good aerodynamics is a key requirement for high-speed Nissan GT-R. "Designing a car is always a balance between engineering and aesthetics. But with the Nissan GT-R, we have very little conflict. We know that this car should display technology of Nissan. Our designers worked very closely with the aerodynamicists to ensure excellent air flow and A good downforce essential for a car that has such a top speed and stability are very good so fast. "
The new car also continues the proud tradition of the GT-R design. "It is quite square and edgy at first sight, though full of interesting curvatures and subtle shapes when you look closely. Like all great designs, the more you look, the more you see."
The pillars that stand, indicating that this is not practical supercar low. There are four round tail lights lected in the four round exhaust directly below. Specific elements of style, borrowed from Nissans past, including the square of the edgy PGC10 GT-R 1969, four round taillights KPGC110 GT-R 1973 and the opening slot length and a thin shell of R34 GT-R 1999.
The interior design
Like the exterior, the interior of the Nissan GT-R is an elegant but very functional. The cabin is unique, sharing no major components or design features with other Nissan models. Nissan GT-R supercar is, a new custom from the ground up.
Instruments are large, clear and simple, all directly in front of the driver to read the maximum. Circular ring analogue instruments in thick glasses and no tachometer to the place of honor, red-lined at 7000rpm. Tachometer is an easy-to-see display speed position.
More remarkable is the multi-function in the middle of the dashboard, which not only gives you a detailed log of your driving behavior - speed, g-force, fuel economy etc - but also gives details of a car mechanic Information - improving water, turbo and engine oil pressure , transmission oil, front / rear distribution plus hard steering angle, brake pressure and acceleration, as well as mapping the optimal speed fuel economy is better. Design of multi-function display, which also includes satellite navigation and audio controls, conducted in collaboration with Polyphony Digital Inc, designer of the Gran-Turismo video game series for Sony PlayStation.
In the middle of the dashboard, under the multi-function, is the pole tilted toward the driver. It contains options for air conditioning, audio and configuration switches, used to change the settings of components, including dampers, gear shift and VDC.
Center console, which sweeps the middle of the cabin, contains the red start button, leather shift lever (the same leather used for the wheels, to help tactility) and parking brake, which is in line with the center armrest. The shift lever selector select Park, Reverse, Neutral, automatic or manual transmission, and the manual is via paddles behind the wheel. There is a provision of a full automatic transmission, useful in heavy traffic or when relaxing rather than sporty driving is desired.
The steering wheel is small, comfortable to hold and trimmed with hand-stitched soft leather. Switches are placed on shelves inside, logical order.
Chairs are designed specifically for the Nissan GT-R. They are very secondary to increased lateral support and maximum comfort. This is especially best to support the body and reduces slippage. To relax the lower legs during a long trip, the front edge of the seat is unusually flat, also the chair and out easily.
Access to the front or rear seat that is easy and visibility is excellent. Although the car that give rise to both special "sense of occasion once behind the wheel - with the cabin sporting performance and dynamic handling - its also very" normal "car in many ways, not so different from an everyday sedan. It is spacious, comfortable, bright and airy. It is far more convenient and user-friendly than other cars in this segment performance.
Nissan GT-R has the greatest range of seat adjustment of any supercar, to ensure that virtually all drivers can comfortably behind the wheel. Drivers seat is designed so that anyone from 144cm-190cm will feel comfortable behind the wheel. Guard rail length (228mm), seat height and tilt adjustable steering wheel also has a variety of adjustments (60mm tilt, 60mm telescopic), it is better to allow almost all drivers to find the perfect driving position. Fulcrum for the tilt mechanism is at the bottom of the steering shaft, in order to maintain optimized steering angle.
Like many high-performance four-seat coupe, the rear seat is more occasional seats from the seat size. Although it is very comfortable for most adults on short trips, they are better for children or for carrying bags, jackets and other items. Center console sweeps the middle cabin, dividing left and right rear seat. Between the seats, there is provision for optional Bose system with two woofers sound.
Trunk large (VDA: 315L), easily big enough for two sets of golf bags or luggage holidays important. Luggage space is further enhanced by the run-flat tires that avoids the need for the spare tire in the trunk.
The chair has three colors: black, black with red highlight or gray.
Shiro Nakamura, Senior Vice President & Chief Creative Officer, Design and Brand Management, Nissan Motor Co. Ltd.: "An underlying philosophy of the Nissan GT-R is that it is a quick an easy car to drive fast. So there is nothing intimidating about the controls. Everything feels instantly familiar, apart from a novel multi-function meter - which is also very intuitive, and we believe will be very popular with owners.
Machine
VR38DETT Nissan is a brand new engine designed specifically for the Nissan GT-R. 3.8-liter unit uses twin IHI turbochargers. Maximum power is 480 hp (353 kW) at 6400rpm. This makes the Nissan GT-R road car of Japans most powerful and most powerful production car ever built by Nissan.
"More important than absolute power, is the way it is delivered, chief engineer Kazutoshi Mizuno said vehicle." This machine is very tractable and that means its easy to drive, an essential quality of the Nissan GT-R. 60kgm maximum torque (588 Nm) delivered seamlessly from 3200-5200rpm.
It is also very efficient engine, reducing emissions and fuel consumption. Nissan GT-R supercar is the most efficient in the world in balancing speed, acceleration and fuel consumption. Improved environmental performance by Japan U-LEV satisfaction (Ultra Low Emission Vehicle) standards.
Machine high environmental standards is partly due to boring innovative plasma coating to improve cooling, increase fuel efficiency and power. Plasma sprayed cylinder liner bore only 0.15mm thick, against the conventional cast iron liners 2.6mm. Not only are they much better heat dissipation, increase efficiency, they are also lighter - saving about 3 kg in a V6 engine. To ensure sufficient lubrication of this sprayed on the cylinder liner in an aluminum block, special synthetic engine oil is used (Mobil-1 RP OW-40).
In addition, the system is completely independent intake and exhaust to produce higher yields and faster response. These inputs are fully balanced and exhaust systems increase air intake and reduce exhaust resistance, producing a gas flow quickly and smoothly. IHI twin turbochargers are very receptive.
Emission enhanced by the secondary air system, with air pump, which promotes faster catalyst reaction.
Advanced controls Nissan GT-R electronics respond quickly to changes in climate and altitude, ensuring optimum performance at all times. Accurate assessment of the air-fuel ratio further improves fuel efficiency and emissions. This precise control increases fuel consumption by five percent of high performance. During normal engine speed is low, the Nissan GT-R will typically generate about 40 kgm (392 Nm) of torque - good enough to pick-up and acceleration - and this high output allows optimum air fuel significantly improve fuel efficiency and cleaner exhaust . "When driving on moderate throttle openings - in other words, in everyday driving is normal - Nissan GT-R proved to be very friendly environment," said Mizuno. "His fuel economy advantage over rivals is magnified in such normal driving situations every day." In automatic mode, the transmission quickly select a high gear ratio, enabling the machine to climb with a wave of low-end torque.
Other technical innovations include cooling systems air conditioning thermostatically controlled oil for more efficient cooling. Engine oil is cooled by the cooling system and oil at extreme angles - including the Nissan GT-R is easily capable - scavenger pump maintains turbocharger oil flow. The structure of the collection of oil in a motor powered by a wet sump and dry side, which helps secure stable oil collecting and oil pressure in various driving scenes.
A collecting tank in the fuel tank always stores enough fuel to maintain fuel flow even under strong g forces.
Machines, such as transmission, all made by hand. A craftsman hand-assemble a complete engine. Special machine builders working in the field of "clean room" special Nissan GT-R Nissan plant in Yokohama.
Transmission
Nissan GT-R uses an all-new GR6-type transmission, exclusively developed for the car. Six-speed paddle shift dual-clutch is very efficient - unlike a conventional automatic transmission with torque converter, there is minimum power loss so response and fuel economy improved.
In the span of M (for manual transmission mode), paddle shift gives a very rapid change. These teeth continue to change rapidly accelerating, the turbo so it was one strong gust of strong sweetness.
Twin clutches make a significant contribution to the change in speed. There are separate clutches for the odd (1,3,5) and even (2,4,6) gears. When the car is running in an odd number of teeth, pairs of adjacent teeth are pre-selected and ready to make immediate changes in gear-shifting sequence. When downshifting, a synchronized "blip" the throttle rev control right to synchronize the engine speed for ultra-fast downshifts. Borg-Warner three-cone synchronizers used.
When the range R - the sportiest setting - is selected on the switch set-up, the control computer to predict the drivers next gear change based on throttle opening, vehicle speed, braking and other information.
Nissan GT-R uniquely offers a very fast speed shifter and automatic transmission. In the span (automatic transmission), changes in the car speed automatic, most fuel efficient. Higher gears are used whenever possible, the benefits of a big car 588 Nm of torque, and long and flat torque curve. Cars can be driven in sixth place for a long time at low speeds, and still offers good throttle response. Such behavior is benign, is at odds with the fastest supercar and its equivalent is one of the many unique aspects of the gems of technology.
E-TS electronic traction control and rear final drive with limited slip differential (for better power delivery) are both integrated into the bridge surprisingly compact and lightweight rear. By placing the trees in / out diagonally, the transmission rate and the cars center of gravity can be lowered.
A very useful feature and unusual Start Nissan GT-R Hill, Assist. Increased, where the car will automatically recognize, the system maintains brake pressure for about two seconds after the release of the brake pedal, making hill starts easy.
Suspension
Nissan GT-R has a new type of suspension offering excellent stability straight line, even more than 186 mph (300 KMH), the highest level of handling and braking in all situations - from urban trips, on snowy roads and muddy at the racetrack. The suspension is designed around the package Premium Mid-ship new, and take advantage of a perfect load balancing of all four wheels.
Switch allows you to set the driver to access three different suspension modes: R (high performance), Sports (the normal setting) and Comfort (for city driving to absorb road bumps). The switch electronically changes the settings in place at DampTronic Bilstein dampers, specially developed for the Nissan GT-R.
Mode R, Bilstein feedback ensures flat cornering at high speeds and maximum. In two other modes - Sport and Leisure - electronically controlled dampers to produce a balance of handling / ride as possible (depending on settings). Special sensors measure 11 vehicle elements including vehicle speed, speed, lateral acceleration, speed, steering angle, demand torque, estimate torque, engine speed, brake oil pressure, normal acceleration, ABS anti-lock braking behavior and information to stop the vehicle.Brake
Nissan GT-R front and rear Brembo disc brakes are fully ventilated drilled steel large (φ380). They provide superb pedal feel and stopping power is great.
Full floating rotors stabilize braking while preventing heat distortion. The inside of the rotors have diamond-shaped ventilated ribs, to facilitate cooling, while cross-drilled rotors are also running as cool as possible.
Brembo monoblock six-piston calipers are used front and rear four-piston type. To generate strong braking force and prevent calliper distortion, racing-style three bolt structures are used.
Four-wheel driveNissan GT-R using the system most likely advanced four-wheel drive on a road car ever used. The four-wheel drive (ATTESA E-TS) optimally distributes power to the front wheels when needed. Of course, the rear wheel bias, up to 50 percent of torque can be fed forwards improving traction in difficult conditions - like rain, snow, ice or snow. FWD is also used to enhance performance when cornering on asphalt, improving traction and stability.
Special computerized control automatically adjusts torque front / rear split from zero torque to the front wheels, 50 percent of the total torque. Control is varied continuously, such as various sensors measure the speed of the car lateral acceleration and steering angle cross section, slip the tire and the road surface and yaw rate.
Nissan GT-R at an additional sensor is the yaw servo, which measures the difference between the target yaw rate calculated from steering angle, yaw rate detected by the sensor and the actual yaw rate sensor G. Front and rear torque is automatically corrected accordingly.
This system includes four-wheel drive Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC-R), Nissan GT-R, the electronic stability control system. Continuously monitors the vehicles behavior. If the behavior is detected off-balance sheet - such as sliding or skidding - torque to the wheels will be changed to help stabilize the car. Electronic traction control is also equipped with a mechanical limited slip rear difference, preventing wheelspin and improving grip.
Hill Start Assist function is added to help the gradient begins. (At rise, the system maintains brake pressure for approximately two seconds after the release of the brake pedal).
NASCAR Mark Martin Leads the Field Drivers Playing it Safe Dale Jr Fastest in Practice
Mark Martin has the pole for tonights race in Richmond
Mark Martin is the oldest kid in the NASCAR sandbox, and yesterday he proved that he can still be the fastest. Turning the second fastest lap on his first run around the track there was nowhere to go but up. On his second time around the 3/4 mile D shaped oval he topped the speed set by Carl Edwards just minutes earlier to take the pole for tonights Capitol City 400 presented by Virginia is For Lovers. Setting the pace at 128.327 mph was enough for the 53 year old to take the coveted pole position. So how does the oldest kid on the block feel about taking his 5th pole in Richmond?
As far as Im concerned, this is just as big a deal, he said.
After running his laps Martin showed his trademark humility about how his talent and experience kept him out front.
I was very close to skinning the car up, especially off of four [on] the second lap, Martin said. Im driving it as hard as I can go, and at the very limits of my talent.
I did not ask Rodney [Childers] what he put under the car, said Martin. We made some improvements to the car in happy Hour [final practice] in race setup right at the end.
If it would have been me, I probably would have incorporated those changes into the qualifying setup, and I didnt want to ask Rodney if he did or not, or what he did to the car. All I want to do is roll out on the race track with no preconceived notion and drive it as fast as itd go and rely on him and his judgment.
I was really hoping that he [Childers] would call me [on the radio] on the first lap and tell me to shut it down I told him to tell me to shut it down if we happened to get the pole on the first lap. When he didnt, I was afraid, Oh, no, were 15th-fastest. That wasnt near fast enough, and Ive really got to get up on the wheel.
I was very close to skinning the car up, especially off of [Turn] 4 on the second lap, and that was my concern. That was my concern in practice, as well. Both the qualifying runs I made in practice, I almost skinned it up, too. So I was driving as hard as I can go at the very limit of my talent, for sure and if I keep pushing the limits, Im going to run out of talent here, one of these days.
Carl Edwards will sit on the outside of row 1 beside Mark Martin.
Carl Edwards will be sitting on the outside of row 1 beside Martin when the green flag drops tonight. Edwards top lap at 128.290 had hung on through 17 drivers, but when Martin moved to second on the scoring tower with his first lap, Edwards paid much closer attention.
I thought we had him, and then he shot up to the top of the scoreboard, he said.
Edwards was asked how he feels his 2012 season is playing out and what he feels about the fans concerns about the log green flags in the previous races causing a drop in the ratings from fans looking for more excitement in the form of wrecks and/or tempers flaring on and off the track.
We are [11th] in points and dont have a win, Edwards said of his status. It is not like we are tied for first right now. We have to be very cautious with our points. Lets say we know some things. Lets assume some things that are true. Right now we dont have the fastest car on the race track every week so we can say, Alright for the next 16 or 18 races we might still not have the fastest car.
Under the old points system we would say, Damn, we are already ninth and not running that great, lets just go for it here. Lets do some crazy stuff and get a win or two and have some fun. But we cant do that now because we say that we have to make it into the top 10. We cannot give up any points.
What we are banking on, what we hope comes is that we hope in those last 10 races that we are good enough then to go shoot for the championship.
If you were in my position you would never be able to forgive yourself if you were ninth in points here in Richmond and they drop the green flag on the last restart and you have a great race car and you go for some banzai run and wreck the thing and dont make the Chase.
Lets say those last 10 races we have a hell of a run and would have won the thing if we would have made it. I would be a moron to give it up right here at Richmond. I dont know if that is right or wrong but that is why it ends up this way because guys start to think, OK, just gather all your troops here, focus, work everything out, make the Chase and then go get em. That wasnt intended by NASCAR I am sure but that is the way we feel.
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Dale Jr talks about his newly returned confidence and the firestorm he caused by saying he is"the best driver" in the Hendrick stable.
Last week some comments by Dale Earnhardt Jr caused a bit of a firestorm in the garage when he stated that he felt he was the best driver at Hendrick Motorsports, maybe even the best in the entire garage. In Fridays interview session at Richmond International Raceway he reconfirmed his opinion and then in final practice for Saturdays Capital City 400, put an exclamation point on it by outrunning 44 other drivers.
That is a healthy debate, that is healthy among race fans as far as who is the best driver, Earnhardt said. All the drivers in the garage feel like they are the best, individually, and they should. That is kind of the way you have to approach it.
I figured that was definitely debatable and the race fans are going to voice their opinion and thats good. I certainly dont like to rock any boats, but you have to answer the question honestly.
Jr lays a lot of his confidence at the feet of Steve Letarte for giving him the best equipment he can, and for being the best cheerleader in the business. Keeping his mind in the game when frustration might normally take over, and keeping him focused on the race are just a few of the things Jr credits his crew chief for.
Hes definitely made me more accountable, would be a way to explain it for the words I choose to use and how I choose to describe the car to him, Earnhardt said of Letarte. Hes not going to put up with me verbally abusing him or the equipment. I wouldnt expect anything less than him being a professional, as well.
I think we have a good in-race relationship. He does a really good job of providing me with information and calming me that we are going to fix any issues we have. I feel confident that he has fixed enough issues and improved the car during enough races that I dont really get as worried about it when something isnt quite right. I know that the chances of it getting improved and fixed are really good.
Ive got great confidence in him and his abilities to orchestrate the weekend as good as I would expect. We get along really good because of that confidence between each other. I think there is good trust there, too.
That confident attitude send waves through his team and pit crew as well.
I learned a long time ago that if you dont have confidence in your car that can be problematic for you, Earnhardt said. If you dont have confidence in your crew chief then that can be problematic for you and if you dont have the same confidence in yourself its not conducive to being successful.
You have to feel like youre here and youre the best and that is the way you should feel. In any profession, you have to have that kind of confidence.
So off we go to Richmond tonight, under the lights, for what some drivers call a race on the ultimate short track. Get those helmet straps and set belts tightened folks, its looking like a good race tonight.
Related posts:
- NASCAR Hendricks Leads the Field as Gordon Takes the Pole, Drivers Comment on The 2 Car Push
- NASCAR Mark Martin Takes the Pole for Talladega Proving You Are Never Too Old to Go Fast
- NASCAR Mark Martin Edges Out Trevor Bayne for the Pole at Daytona
- NASCAR Mark Martin Takes The Pole For Phoenix Hendricks Teams Look For Big Rebound
- NASCAR The Field is Set, The Fans Are Ready, The Drivers Are Looking to Win! 2012 Here We Go.
Wednesday, January 29, 2014
Buick Verano Turbo Focus On Comfort Rather
The trend in automotive is definitely the 4-cylinder and especially the 4-cylinder turbo. We have seen in recent years manufacturers, Hyundai, Chevrolet and Ford, to name only those, dropping the V6 and provide intermediate 4 cylinders. And it seems that Buick wants to join in the dance with its compact Buick Verano Turbo 2013Â in granting a turbo 4-cylinder engine.
Mechanical of Buick Verano Turbo 2013
 In addition to the 4-cylinder engine 2.4-liter 177 horsepower base model, the Buick Verano Turbo 2013 us a 4-cylinder 2-liter turbocharged Ecotec dual overhead cam head whose power amounts to 250 horsepower at 5 300 rpm. And this mechanism produces amazing torque of 260 lb-ft at as low as 2000 rpm. Two transmissions are offered to consumers: an automatic and a 6-speed manual.
 From the outside, the discerning eye will notice the different wheels and tires, dual exhaust in the back, the logo T for turbo and the rear spoiler that identify well the Turbo model. Inside, however, only the pedals and the shifter will not know we’re sitting in a turbocharged version. Driving, however, we note the suspension and steering firmer improvements are welcome.
Body and interior of Buick Verano Turbo 2013
 In terms of standard equipment, the Buick Verano Turbo 2013 T receives dual exhaust, a sports pedals, a spoiler on the trunk lid, leather interior, the Bose audio system, front seats and leather steering wheel heating. In addition, the infotainment system Intellilink Buick is standard on all Verano sedans as well as the rear-view camera. If we provide all amenities, we shall be entitled in addition to the detection system of vehicles in the blind spot and push-button start. Buick has also added two new metallic colors, blue and black coal Luxo metal.
 The Buick Verano Turbo 2013 is a vehicle quiet and focused more on comfort than performance. It is a compact really well put together that often offer more than the competition for the price.
 If the arrival of a new turbocharged version still interesting, still it will be offered to customers at the end of the year. General Motors and assures potential clients that the Buick Verano Turbo 2013 T displays a price lower than the Japanese competition is $ 27,620. However, if you can not wait for the Turbo model, note that the basic model also offers outstanding qualities and a 4-cylinder 2.4-liter that is doing very well business.
Buick Verano Turbo 2013 News
Buick Verano Turbo 2013: Focus On Comfort Rather
McLaren MP4 12C Spider
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| McLaren MP4-12C Spider 2013 |
2013 McLaren MP4-12C Spider is the second model introduced about a year ago MP4-12C range. Among the highlights of the newcomer among his powerful lightweight engine, its easy RHT-hardtop that can be opened and closed even at moderate ride (up to 30 km / h) via a switch at the bottom of the center console in about 17 seconds, and only 75 kg lightweight MonoCell chassis, which is incidentally made in Austria. In addition, the successful design makes the Spider to the real eye-catcher. The car looks consistent from every angle - whether open or closed. The Finns behind the two seats are open to the McLaren very well. The front was taken over by the 1-1 coupe. The back part has a crisp retractable spoiler, a diffuser and a powerful-sounding exhaust system. Side down on the huge air intakes that feed the engine with enough oxygen. A glass plate mounted behind the top flap, each time allowing a view through to the ultra-powerful eight-cylinder.
Power and performance
Since the upgrade, does the 3.8 liter V8 twin turbo engine 625 hp. This capacity is sufficient to fire the only 40 kilograms heavier spider in just 3.1 seconds from zero to one hundredth Completes the sprint from 0 to 200, he in exactly nine seconds (Coupe: 8.8 seconds) Who wants a top speed of 329 km / h, even without a roof over their heads "enjoy" (Coupé: 333 km / h). So the storm is not very strong to fail, which can be mounted behind the rear seats, two windshield sink at the touch boot and electrically. It is used when the roof so as a wind deflector. The power is transmitted over the 7-speed double-clutch transmission SSG to the rear wheels. Shift paddles are mounted on both sides of the rear wheel, also allow manual gear selection. With an average fuel consumption of 11.7 liters, the MP4-12C series is one of the most fuel-efficient supercar ever. In everyday life, and especially on the track but a few liters more likely to hiss through the injectors. The consumption plays in the face of the purchase price but probably only a minor role.
Equipment, security and space
Two people are in the sports seats cut enough space. With the roof closed in the 52 liter range can be under the top flap offers additional storage space. Custom-made bags that fit perfectly in this space include, as standard supplied with each 2013 McLaren 12C Spider.
In addition to the color used to launch Red Volcano - one of 17 paint colors that are currently available for the 12C and 12C Spider - both 12C-model versions can now be ordered in optional color Volcano Yellowstone. In addition, the model was developed for 2013, a new interior design palette for the MP4-12C and 12C, the new Spider. Here, the buyer has perforated semi-aniline leather and Alcantara leather select various combinations. In addition, all models (from model year 2013) can be ordered with the optional "Vehicle Lift" system. This allows the ground clearance of the McLaren 12C Spider at speeds of up to 60 km / h for example, driving over speed bumps at the push to increase hydraulic (front and rear up to 40 mm to 25 mm).
In the event of a rollover during a passive Spider rollover protection system ensures security. Each bracket includes a steel structure that is specifically designed to include as much impact energy.
Availability and prices
2013 McLaren 12C Spider priced at $268.250. The first Spider 12C are to be delivered in November 2012 to customers.
Tuesday, January 28, 2014
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